This trainer is intended to study the Characteristics of Semiconductor Components namely, Diode, Zener Diode, Power Supply Circuit etc. This trainer has built-in power supplies, required components like different types of Diode, Zener Diode, Resistors, Capacitors, Potentiometers, Center Tapped Transformer Output, Variable Power Supplies, Provision for connecting External Meter, etc.

The components provide on the front panel is available across the terminals along with necessary legend and the description. Each component can be patched by inserting single strand hookup wire for establishing contact. The components provided are

Diodes:

• IN 4007 Silicon diode,
  
• BY 127 power diode,
  
• OA 79 Germanium diode,
  
• 5.1 V Zener diode

Resistors: Each resistor is 1W rating

• 1 K Ohm
  
• 10 K Ohm
  
• 47 K Ohm
  
• 100 K Ohm

Capacitors : 0.01uF, 0.047uF,0.1uF, and 0.47uF

Potentiometer:

• 1K/2W Wirewound
  
• Provision to connect an external meter
  
• 12 - 0 – 12 AC| centertapped transformer output
  
• Variable power supply in the range of + 1.2 V DC to +12 V DC and
  
• Variable power supply in the range of – 1.2 V DC to -12 V DC

The Transistor Experimental Trainer is intended to connect various circuits consisting of various transistors. This instrument has built-in power supplies, active and passive components. All the components are terminated on Push Switch Connectors for patching the circuits.

The necessary components are included on the front panel for easy patching. They are

• Transistors: AC 187 (NPN) and AC 188 (PNP)
  
• Resistors: 1KW 4.7KW , 10KW, 22KW, 100KW
  
• Capacitors: 10µF, 100µF,
  
• Potentiometer: 1KW
  
• Variable Power Supplies:
  Continuously variable from + 1.2 V DC to + 15V DC.
  Continuously variable from - 1.2 V DC to - 15V DC.
  
• Sine generator: frequency in the range of 200Hz to 20 KHz two steps X1 and X10. The amplitude can also be varied upto 10PP
  
• One 0 – 10mA external ammeter to measure the currents in the circuits.

This trainer is intended to study and experiment and measure of unregulated power supply. In order to accomplish this task the Power Supply Trainer Model AN-4 is used. This trainer has all the necessary facilities to conduct the above mentioned objectives.

This trainer has the following components installed on the front panel. They are

• Diodes :BY 127
  
• Resistors (1/2 Watt): 100W , 250W, 1KW, 1.2KW,
  
• 2.7KW, 10KW. You can use external resistors if higher wattage is required.
  
• Capacitors : 47µF, 100µF, 1000µF

This trainer is intended to study and experiment with the most popular Linear Voltage regulator IC-723. This is by far the most popular component used in all most all the power supplies. This is because; it has the ability to vary the output voltage linearly upto the desired level. While doing so, it acts as a controller, for increasing the current handling capabilities when associated with series pass transistors.

This trainer has built in power transformer, power diodes, capacitor, load resistors; series pass transistor, current limiting component, etc. You need an extra external current and voltmeters to observe and record the readings for further analysis.

An operational amplifier is a direct-coupled high gain amplifier usually consisting of one or more differential amplifiers and usually followed by a level translator and an output stage. The operational amplifier is a versatile device that can be used to amplify DC as well as AC input signals and was originally designed for computing such mathematical functions as addition, subtraction,multiplication and integration. Thus the name operational amplifier terms from its original use for these mathematical operations and is abbreviated to OP-AMP.

Using this trainer, the student performs the basic experiments in OP-AMP circuits like, Inverting amplifier, Non inverting amplifier, summing amplifier, Adder, Integrator etc. This has suitable built-in power supply. The user has to Connect external function generator and an oscilloscope for studying amplifier characteristics.

RLC Network Trainer has many functions. RLC Network is used to study the response of an incoming frequency when passed through an RLC Network. RLC Network contributes towards change in amplitude and phase. By using this technique several communications, industrial, commercial circuits are developed.

Since Lissajous figures fall in the scope of frequency measurement, this trainer has all the necessary materials to perform the measurement of frequencies. An oscilloscope is an important requirement to observe such a pattern.

This trainer can also be used to study the resonance circuits also, namely Parallel Resonance, and Series Resonance Circuits, as the also use RLC Network only.

This trainer has the following facilities:

• In built Sine Wave Generator (having provision to change the frequency in multiples of 1KHz to 10KHz and also to change the amplitude of the waveform)
  
• Assorted value of Resistors (1KW, 10KW, 22KW, 100KW).
  
• PN Junction Diodes (1N4001).
  
• Assorted value of Capacitors (0.01µfd, 0.047µfd, 0.1µfd, 0.47µfd).
  
• Variable Inductance Ranges from (0-10) mH.
  
• Variable Potentiometers (1KW, 10KW).
  
• Instrumentation Amplifier.

Differential Amplifier by the very name suggests that, the difference (algebraic sum) between two INPUT signals are measured. The computed difference signal is available at the OUTPUT terminals. The output is further amplified by the feedback resistance value in the form of gain.
Vout = A (V1-V2)

Where Vout- is output voltage, A – is gain of the amplifier, V1 is input signal 1, and V2 is input signal 2.

This trainer has all the components necessary to study the difference amplifier principles using OP-AMPs and transistor configurations. This trainer has built-in power supplies, appropriate component values, Variable potentiometers. The connections are made using standard wires as patch cords.

RLC Trainer has many functions. RLC Trainer is used to study the response of an incoming frequency when passed through an RLC Network. RLC Network contributes towards change in amplitude and phase. By using this technique several communications, industrial, commercial circuits are developed. This trainer can also be used for study of Transient signal analysis. When used in this mode, it is necessary make a Bode plot for better understanding of the frequency response.

Since Lissajous figures fall in the scope of frequency measurement, this trainer has all the necessary materials to perform the measurement of frequencies. An oscilloscope is an important requirement to observe such a pattern.

This trainer can also be used to study the resonance circuits also, namely Parallel Resonance, and Series Resonance Circuits, as the also use RLC Network only.

An external function generator in the range of 10 to 100KHz and a dual beam oscilloscope is required for studying input output waveform.