The Programmable Logic Control Trainer is a training instrument, to study and improve programming skills. Study includes Window based LADDER LOGIC diagram program design. This instrument is used to study the rudiments of PLC operations, interfacing with external devices, evaluate pilot plant project designs etc. Many useful interfaces are professionally built into the system, instead of you searching for components, hand wire them, and assemble them. The PLC trainer system should keep your focus on programming aspects, rather than making you connect varieties of input output devices at their respective terminals thereby distracting your attention during programming. In that way this trainer has complete built-in I/Os for any reasonable system design.

This is a soft PLC trainer. This trainer is connected to an IBM computer using a dedicated interface card, which sits in one of the ISA slot of the motherboard. The system consists of input and output elements and transducers. All the input output elements are logged using programs. The relays, switches, transducers, LEDs, analog I/O, annunciation, in the instrument are. The relays, switches, transducers, LEDs, analog I/O, annunciation, in the instrument are logged or controlled by software. The relays can be connected with any 220V AC operated devices. These devices can be lamps, solenoids, contactors etc. The listings of sample LADDER programs are supplied. The purpose of this is to, provide the student window based tools required to show how LADDER diagrams can be designed, Realization of Logic circuits, Boolean expressions like, AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR, combination logic circuits etc can be evaluated.

This instrument provides required I/O facilities needed to design a PLC program. In short this instrument helps the student to design PLC programs, than using this trainer as a PLC. With this the scope of experimentation increases, when compared with a mere PLC programming trainer, where manufacturer’s programs are verified. Train the students, how to catch a fish, don’t give a fish. This is connected to an IBM or compatible computer, using a dedicated interface card, which requires one ISA slot on the motherboard.

In addition this can be used to interface with several trainers manufactured by us in Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) for

• Material Sorting Demonstration Trainer,
  
• Material Handling Platform Demonstrator
  
• Pick and Place with 3 Axis control
  
• Garage Control Demonstrator,
  
• Lift Simulator
  
• Liquid Level Control,
  
• Traffic Signal Simulator,
  
• DC Motor Speed Control Trainer etc
  

Specifications:

a) Software:

• This is a GUI based LADDER LOGIC SOFTWARE. Several manufacturers’ software is Window based but truly looks like DOS based diagrams; this is completely eliminated by GUI design, which is JUST USER FRIENDLY.
  
• DRAG AND DROP (D&D) an instruction instead of typing an instruction. This eliminates errors in typing.
  
• Ladder diagram looks as it appears in Textbooks,
  
• All the instructions are displayed ON-SCREEN during Design time.
  
• Each and every element is directly addressed with their NAMES not by numbers or codes, which are very difficult to remember. Ex: At design time, you call a SWITCH#0 in your Ladder program by D&D the component called SWITCH#0, and that’s it, not by typing a few digits numbers or codes.
  
• Appropriate LIST boxes (input, output) open as you D&D an instruction in LADDER WORKSPACE.
  
• Ladder workspace is 24X240 instruction CELLs are available for your use.
  
• TOOL TIP features are available at the end of each instruction prompting you “what to do next”
  
• Very user friendly
  
• Extensive HELP menu available
  
• GUI based STATUS of the entire PLC is displayed during RUN TIME.
  
• Programs are saved, retrieved, edited by simply clicking on Menu list box
  
• Extensive EDIT features are available.

b) Hardware:

• TTL Input Switches : 8 Nos.
  
• TTL Momentary Switches : 8 Nos.
  
• Proximity Switch : 1 No.
  
• Optical Transducer (two state) : 1 No.
  
• Programmable LEDs : 8 Nos.
  
• Analog input 0 to 5V DC : 8 channels
  
• Analog output 0 to 5V DC : 1 No.
  
• 4 to 20mA Transmitter : 1No.
  
• 4 to 20mA Receiver : 1No.
  
• Current Meter : 25mA FSD 1No.
  
• Voltmeter : 10V FSD 1 No.
  
• Annunciator : 4 Nos.
  
• Piezo Electric Alarm : 1 bit.
  
• Built-in power supply.
  
• Dedicated I/O interface card suitable for IBM computer suitable for ISA slot.
  
• xperimental programs including SAMPLE LADDER programs.

Note: This trainer uses computer’s CPU for executing programs.

Workspace for Ladder Logic Program:
The diagram shown here is called the workspace. This consists of several options and sub-options, for selecting FILE, EDIT, VIEW, RUN, OPTIONS. Each has a specific function to perform. This frame also contains, Graphical Instruction set, which in-turn has many functions and sub-functions. The graphical instructions can be placed on the workspace, by drag-drop method. The collection of such instructions, placed in the works space form Ladder Logic Programs.

Display Panel :
The display panel shown here appears when RUN instruction is executed. This panel shows the ON/OFF status of the PLC trainer’s Input / Output components, Timers, Counters, Registers, Flags, Transducers used, TTL Inputs, TTL Outputs, Switches, Keys, LEDs, Digital to Analog output, Relays, Annunciators, 4-20mA Current, Receiver and Analog input status by a BAR graph display and also it’s decimal equivalent.

The Programmable Logic Control Trainer is a training instrument, to study and improve programming skills. Study includes Window based LADDER LOGIC diagram program design. This instrument is used to study the rudiments of PLC operations, interfacing with external devices, evaluate pilot plant project designs etc. Many useful interfaces are professionally built into the system, instead of you searching for components, hand wire them, and assemble them. The PLC trainer system should keep your focus on programming aspects, rather than making you connect varieties of input output devices at their respective terminals thereby distracting your attention during programming. In that way this trainer has complete built-in I/Os for any reasonable system design.

This is a soft PLC trainer. This trainer is connected to an IBM computer using a dedicated interface card, which sits in one of the ISA slot of the motherboard. The system consists of input and output elements and transducers. All the input output elements are logged using programs. The relays, switches, transducers, LEDs, analog I/O, annunciation, in the instrument are. The relays, switches, transducers, LEDs, analog I/O, annunciation, in the instrument are logged or controlled by software. The relays can be connected with any 220V AC operated devices. These devices can be lamps, solenoids, contactors etc. The listings of sample LADDER programs are supplied. The purpose of this is to, provide the student window based tools required to show how LADDER diagrams can be designed, Realization of Logic circuits, Boolean expressions like, AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR, combination logic circuits etc can be evaluated.

This instrument provides required I/O facilities needed to design a PLC program. In short this instrument helps the student to design PLC programs, than using this trainer as a PLC. With this the scope of experimentation increases, when compared with a mere PLC programming trainer, where manufacturer’s programs are verified. Train the students, how to catch a fish, don’t give a fish. This is connected to an IBM or compatible computer, using a dedicated interface card, which requires one ISA slot on the motherboard.

In addition this can be used to interface with several trainers manufactured by us in Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) for

• Material Sorting Demonstration Trainer,
  
• Material Handling Platform Demonstrator
  
• Pick and Place with 3 Axis control
  
• Garage Control Demonstrator,
  
• Lift Simulator
  
• Liquid Level Control,
  
• Traffic Signal Simulator,
  
• DC Motor Speed Control Trainer etc
  

Specifications:

a) Software:

• This is a GUI based LADDER LOGIC SOFTWARE. Several manufacturers’ software is Window based but truly looks like DOS based diagrams; this is completely eliminated by GUI design, which is JUST USER FRIENDLY.
  
• DRAG AND DROP (D&D) an instruction instead of typing an instruction. This eliminates errors in typing.
  
• Ladder diagram looks as it appears in Textbooks,
  
• All the instructions are displayed ON-SCREEN during Design time.
  
• Each and every element is directly addressed with their NAMES not by numbers or codes, which are very difficult to remember. Ex: At design time, you call a SWITCH#0 in your Ladder program by D&D the component called SWITCH#0, and that’s it, not by typing a few digits numbers or codes.
  
• Appropriate LIST boxes (input, output) open as you D&D an instruction in LADDER WORKSPACE.
  
• Ladder workspace is 24X240 instruction CELLs are available for your use.
  
• TOOL TIP features are available at the end of each instruction prompting you “what to do next”
  
• Very user friendly
  
• Extensive HELP menu available
  
• GUI based STATUS of the entire PLC is displayed during RUN TIME.
  
• Programs are saved, retrieved, edited by simply clicking on Menu list box
  
• Extensive EDIT features are available.

b) Hardware:

• TTL Input Switches : 8 Nos.
  
• TTL Momentary Switches : 8 Nos.
  
• Proximity Switch : 1 No.
  
• Optical Transducer (two state) : 1 No.
  
• Programmable LEDs : 8 Nos.
  
• Analog input 0 to 5V DC : 8 channels
  
• Analog output 0 to 5V DC : 1 No.
  
• 4 to 20mA Transmitter : 1No.
  
• 4 to 20mA Receiver : 1No.
  
• Current Meter : 25mA FSD 1No.
  
• Voltmeter : 10V FSD 1 No.
  
• Annunciator : 4 Nos.
  
• Piezo Electric Alarm : 1 bit.
  
• Built-in power supply.
  
• Dedicated I/O interface card suitable for IBM computer suitable for ISA slot.
  
• xperimental programs including SAMPLE LADDER programs.

Note: This trainer uses computer’s CPU for executing programs.

Workspace for Ladder Logic Program:
The diagram shown here is called the workspace. This consists of several options and sub-options, for selecting FILE, EDIT, VIEW, RUN, OPTIONS. Each has a specific function to perform. This frame also contains, Graphical Instruction set, which in-turn has many functions and sub-functions. The graphical instructions can be placed on the workspace, by drag-drop method. The collection of such instructions, placed in the works space form Ladder Logic Programs.

Display Panel :
The display panel shown here appears when RUN instruction is executed. This panel shows the ON/OFF status of the PLC trainer’s Input / Output components, Timers, Counters, Registers, Flags, Transducers used, TTL Inputs, TTL Outputs, Switches, Keys, LEDs, Digital to Analog output, Relays, Annunciators, 4-20mA Current, Receiver and Analog input status by a BAR graph display and also it’s decimal equivalent.

The Programmable Logic Control Trainer is a training instrument, to study and improve programming skills. Study includes Window based LADDER LOGIC diagram program design. This instrument is used to study the rudiments of PLC operations, interfacing with external devices, evaluate pilot plant project designs etc. Many useful interfaces are professionally built into the system, instead of you searching for components, hand wire them, and assemble them. The PLC trainer system should keep your focus on programming aspects, rather than making you connect varieties of input output devices at their respective terminals thereby distracting your attention during programming. In that way this trainer has complete built-in I/Os for any reasonable system design.

This is a soft PLC trainer. This trainer is connected to an IBM computer using a dedicated interface card, which sits in one of the ISA slot of the motherboard. The system consists of input and output elements and transducers. All the input output elements are logged using programs. The relays, switches, transducers, LEDs, analog I/O, annunciation, in the instrument are. The relays, switches, transducers, LEDs, analog I/O, annunciation, in the instrument are logged or controlled by software. The relays can be connected with any 220V AC operated devices. These devices can be lamps, solenoids, contactors etc. The listings of sample LADDER programs are supplied. The purpose of this is to, provide the student window based tools required to show how LADDER diagrams can be designed, Realization of Logic circuits, Boolean expressions like, AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR, combination logic circuits etc can be evaluated.

This instrument provides required I/O facilities needed to design a PLC program. In short this instrument helps the student to design PLC programs, than using this trainer as a PLC. With this the scope of experimentation increases, when compared with a mere PLC programming trainer, where manufacturer’s programs are verified. Train the students, how to catch a fish, don’t give a fish. This is connected to an IBM or compatible computer, using a dedicated interface card, which requires one ISA slot on the motherboard.

In addition this can be used to interface with several trainers manufactured by us in Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) for

• Material Sorting Demonstration Trainer,
  
• Material Handling Platform Demonstrator
  
• Pick and Place with 3 Axis control
  
• Garage Control Demonstrator,
  
• Lift Simulator
  
• Liquid Level Control,
  
• Traffic Signal Simulator,
  
• DC Motor Speed Control Trainer etc
  

Specifications:

a) Software:

• This is a GUI based LADDER LOGIC SOFTWARE. Several manufacturers’ software is Window based but truly looks like DOS based diagrams; this is completely eliminated by GUI design, which is JUST USER FRIENDLY.
  
• DRAG AND DROP (D&D) an instruction instead of typing an instruction. This eliminates errors in typing.
  
• Ladder diagram looks as it appears in Textbooks,
  
• All the instructions are displayed ON-SCREEN during Design time.
  
• Each and every element is directly addressed with their NAMES not by numbers or codes, which are very difficult to remember. Ex: At design time, you call a SWITCH#0 in your Ladder program by D&D the component called SWITCH#0, and that’s it, not by typing a few digits numbers or codes.
  
• Appropriate LIST boxes (input, output) open as you D&D an instruction in LADDER WORKSPACE.
  
• Ladder workspace is 24X240 instruction CELLs are available for your use.
  
• TOOL TIP features are available at the end of each instruction prompting you “what to do next”
  
• Very user friendly
  
• Extensive HELP menu available
  
• GUI based STATUS of the entire PLC is displayed during RUN TIME.
  
• Programs are saved, retrieved, edited by simply clicking on Menu list box
  
• Extensive EDIT features are available.

b) Hardware:

• TTL Input Switches : 8 Nos.
  
• TTL Momentary Switches : 8 Nos.
  
• Proximity Switch : 1 No.
  
• Optical Transducer (two state) : 1 No.
  
• Programmable LEDs : 8 Nos.
  
• Analog input 0 to 5V DC : 8 channels
  
• Analog output 0 to 5V DC : 1 No.
  
• 4 to 20mA Transmitter : 1No.
  
• 4 to 20mA Receiver : 1No.
  
• Current Meter : 25mA FSD 1No.
  
• Voltmeter : 10V FSD 1 No.
  
• Annunciator : 4 Nos.
  
• Piezo Electric Alarm : 1 bit.
  
• Built-in power supply.
  
• Dedicated I/O interface card suitable for IBM computer suitable for ISA slot.
  
• xperimental programs including SAMPLE LADDER programs.

Note: This trainer uses computer’s CPU for executing programs.

Workspace for Ladder Logic Program:
The diagram shown here is called the workspace. This consists of several options and sub-options, for selecting FILE, EDIT, VIEW, RUN, OPTIONS. Each has a specific function to perform. This frame also contains, Graphical Instruction set, which in-turn has many functions and sub-functions. The graphical instructions can be placed on the workspace, by drag-drop method. The collection of such instructions, placed in the works space form Ladder Logic Programs.

Display Panel :
The display panel shown here appears when RUN instruction is executed. This panel shows the ON/OFF status of the PLC trainer’s Input / Output components, Timers, Counters, Registers, Flags, Transducers used, TTL Inputs, TTL Outputs, Switches, Keys, LEDs, Digital to Analog output, Relays, Annunciators, 4-20mA Current, Receiver and Analog input status by a BAR graph display and also it’s decimal equivalent.

Using this interface trainer, It is possible to demonstrate how the water level in a tank can be maintained. This instrument consists of a 2 liter water tank. The ON and OFF of the pump is controlled by a relay under program control. Two sensing electrodes monitor a bi-level i.e. lower level and upper level. The height of these electrodes is adjustable within the tank's limit. Control program identifies the status of these electrodes and switches ON or OFF the pump. A manual drain cock drains water from the tank, by turning the wheel valve. This is required to simulate the fall in water level.

Specifications:

• Adjustable Bi-level sensing electrode.
  
• 2 liter water tank, with drain facility.
  
• Relay operated special purpose water pump
  
• Necessary couplings and tubes.
  
• Built-in power supplies.
  

This is a flexible manufacturing system trainer. This can be used with PLC trainer also. This trainer provides very good scope to understand how automation process can be designed. The purpose of the system is to sort out the wooden pieces and metal pieces, which are moving on a conveyor belt by a program. In order to facilitate this, the following systems are built into the system.

a) There are two 12 inch conveyor belts. Each belt moves in the opposite direction of the other belt.
b) Two programmable pneumatic pistons with 5 inch travel.
c) Optical source to detect either metal or wooden moving parts on the conveyor belt when the light beam is cut.
d) A metal detector transducer to detect the metal part moving on the conveyor belt.
e) An external compressed air at 5Kg/cm2 is required to activate the pistons.

In order to accomplish this task, the flexible manufacturing systems is used. For that we need belt conveyor, which is driven by a motor in which the test piece & other piece will move. In order to sort out the metal piece we need a PROXIMITY transducer & OPTICAL transducer and piston to push the pieces for further rotation. Piston is basically a hydraulic one for that we need a compressor to actuate the piston to move the Test piece forward for further rotation.

Principle of Operation:
The test piece (both metal & wooden) will move through belt conveyor driven by a motor in the system. First, the test piece will pass through the OPTICAL transducer and basic principle of transducer is whenever light from the source is obstructed by any object it goes to high state. If any test piece obstructs the light path to transducer from the source, gives signal to piston & piston will move the test piece for further rotation

Once if test piece get passed through the optical transducer it will enter in to PROXIMITY transducer. Principle of proximity transducer is normally it is in high state. Transducer will differentiate the metal piece from the other pieces. Range of detection is about (0 - 5) mm. If it is above the range transducer will not detect metal parts.

Traffic light control experimental module is made up of array 20 LEDs. The LEDs are physically arranged on the front panel such that, they resemble traffic junction of a road. The traffic moves in all directions of NORTH, SOUTH, EAST and WEST. Colored LEDs are used to simulate RED, GREEN, and AMBER for each direction. In addition, 4 optical sensors are also used to signal the end of simulated traffic flow in each direction. There are LEDs, which simulate the flow of traffic.

Now the student has to write program, following rudiments of traffic signal lights. Each LED is accessible as one bit of I/O ports of 8255. Test programs are supplied along with the kit. More programs are to be written by the student or a trainee. The instrument is supplied with built-in power supply.

Specifications:

• Traffic: In 4 directions. Movement of traffic simulated by 2 LEDs in each direction.
  
• Sensors: 4 optical sensors.
  
• Signal: Red, Green and Amber LED in each direction.
  
• Every LED and optical sensors are bit-addressable.
  
• Built-in power supplies.

The rotational speed of a DC motor is directly proportional to the mean value of its supply voltage when operated under pulsed condition. If the motor is operating at a frequency 'f' and at an

operating voltage of say +24V DC, then the pulse amplitude from the driver has to be 24V DC under all conditions at the given frequency. Under these conditions the speed is dependent on the duty cycle of the pulses from the driver. This type of circuit provides complete speed control from minimum to maximum speeds at reasonably high torque. The trainer makes use of a chopper circuit for speed control. This trainer has all the facilities to vary the speed of the DC motor, observe wave forms at different test points in the circuit, namely at the output of oscillator, amplifier, driver, and at motor terminals. A recording of these observations in terms of amplitudes, pulse width, shape of pulses will provide a good understanding of how speed control can be achieved at different speeds.

This trainer is intended to demonstrate the speed control of a permanent magnet DC motor. This motor is mechanically coupled to a Tacho-Generator. Changing the voltage of armature from 0 to 24VDC controls the DC motor speed. As the voltage varies, the armature current increases and in turn the speed increases.

The change in armature voltage can be changed in this trainer

Either by varying a potentiometer by DC voltage control or
By pulse width modulated CHOPPER DRIVE, or
It is possible to provide external pulses modulation from your circuitry also for exciting the motor. This external pulse modulation can be provided from any external controller like Microprocessor trainers Model MPT-85 or MPT-J-85 or MPT-86, Microcontroller trainer Model MCT-31, PLC trainer Model IM-29 or and Data Acquisition System Trainer Model DAS-1.